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BACKGROUND@#Female breast cancer (FBC) has become the most prevalent malignancy worldwide. We aimed to evaluate the global and regional burden in epidemiological trends and factors associated with the incidence and mortality of FBC.@*METHODS@#FBC incidence and mortality in 60 selected countries by cancer registry data integrity in 2020 were estimated from the GLOBOCAN database, and their association with the human development index (HDI) was further evaluated. Trends of age-standardized rates of incidence and mortality in 60 countries from 2000 through 2019 were evaluated by joinpoint regression analysis using data of Global Burden of Disease 2019. The association between potential behavioral, metabolic, and socioeconomic risk factor exposure at the nation level retrieved from the World Bank and Global Health Observatory and the incidence and mortality of FBC were evaluated by multivariate linear regression.@*RESULTS@#FBC incidence and mortality varied greatly in the 60 included countries. Higher incidence and mortality rates were typically observed in countries with higher HDIs and vice versa. During 2000 to 2019, significantly increasing trends in incidence and mortality were observed in 26 (average annual percent changes [AAPCs], 0.35-2.96) and nine countries (AAPC, 0.30-1.65), respectively, while significantly decreasing trends in both incidence and mortality were observed in 22 countries, most of which were high-HDI countries. Among the population aged ≥40 years, there were 26 and 11 countries showing significantly increased trends in incidence and mortality, respectively. Ecological analysis showed that countries with higher prevalence rates of high cholesterol and higher health expenditures were more likely to have higher FBC incidence, and countries with higher rates of obesity and poorer universal health coverage were more likely to have higher FBC mortality.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Despite decreased or stabilized FBC incidence and mortality rates were observed in some countries with high HDI over the past decades, disease burden became even severer in developing countries, especially for the population aged ≥40 years. Effective targeted preventive programs are strongly encouraged to reduce the FBC disease burden worldwide.
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Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Global Health , Incidence , Registries , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate whether elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil (NE) in the blood is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer incidence.@*Methods@#From 2006 to 2007, all employees and retirees from Kailuan (Group) Limited liability Corporation were included in this Kailuan Cohort study. The last follow-up date was December 2015. Data on new cases of lung cancer were collected, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to the relationship between baseline CRP and NE at baseline and risk of lung cancer.@*Results@#A total of 92 735 participants were enrolled in this study. During the follow-up, 850 new cases of lung cancer were identified. All subjects were divided into four groups according to the combination level of CRP and NE at baseline: CRP≤3 mg/L and NE≤4×109/L(Group A), CRP≤3 mg/L and NE>4×109/L(Group B), CRP>3 mg/L and NE≤4×109/L(Group C), CRP>3 mg/L and NE>4×109/L(Group D). The cumulative incidence of lung cancer were 950/100 000, 1 030/100 000, 1 081/100 000 and 1 596/100 000 in these four groups, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional risk model showed that participants from Group D had an significantly increased 72% risks of lung cancer when compared to Group A (95% CI: 1.40~2.12, P<0.001). Stratified analyses gender showed that males in Group D had higher risk of lung cancer when compared with participants in Group A (HR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.40~2.15, P<0.001).@*Conclusion@#Elevated levels of CRP and NE might increase the risk of lung cancer.
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Objective@#To systematically review available risk prediction models evidence on construction and verification of colorectal cancer risk prediction models.@*Methods@#"Colorectal neoplasms", "risk assessment", "colorectal cancer", "colorectal tumor", "colon cancer", "colon tumor", "rectal cancer", "rectal tumor", "anal cancer", "anal tumor", "risk prediction", "malignancy", "carcinogenesis", "model" were used as search keywords. Journal papers and grey literature were searched from Chinese electronic databases (CNKI and Wanfang) and English electronic databases (PubMed and Embase) from their inception to 30 Apr 2018. The language of literature was restricted to Chinese and English. The inclusion criteria were human-oriented researches with complete information for model construction,verification and evaluation. The exclusion criteria were informal publications such as conference abstracts, Chinese disertation papers, and non-primary research materials such as reviews,letters,and news reports. Descriptive characteristics,targeted population, study design, model construction method and prediction results were extracted. A total of 36 papers involving 27 models were included. The population characteristics of all included studies,the type of research, the method of model construction and the prediction results of the model were analyzed.@*Results@#As for model construction,there were 13 European and American population based model studies,14 Asian population based model studies,including 7 Chinese mainland based model studies. According to the factors selected into the model, these models can be divided into traditional epidemiological models (17 models), clinical index combined models (4 models),and genetic susceptibility index combined models (6 models). As for model verification,only 9 models were cross-verified in the internal population after model construction, and the extrapolation of model prediction effect was not effectively evaluated; 17 models were verified in an external population; there was only one model verified in two external populations in terms of risk prediction effect; the area under the curve of 27 models was 0.56-0.85.@*Conclusion@#The risk prediction model of colorectal cancer is in the development stage. The external evaluation of model prediction effect is less and the prediction ability is not good, and the existing models have limited exploration of clinical indicators.
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Objective@#To systematically review the quality and reporting quality of colorectal cancer screening guidelines, and to provide reference for the update of colorectal cancer screening guidelines and colorectal cancer screening in China.@*Methods@#"Colorectal cancer", "colorectal tumor", "screening", "screening", "guide", "consensus", "Colorectal cancer", "Colorectal neoplasms", "Screening", "Early Detection of Cancer", "Guideline" and "recommendation" were used as search keywords. The literature retrieval for all the Chinese and English guidelines published before April 2018 was conducted by using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc (CBMdisc), Cochrane Library, Guideline International Network, China Guidelines Clearinghouse (CGC) and the official website of the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), the American Cancer Society (ACS), International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Australia Cancer Council (ACC) and Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain & Ireland (ACPGBI). The inclusion criteria were independent guidance documents for colorectal cancer screening. The language is limited to Chinese and English. The exclusion criteria were literature on interpretation, evaluation, introduction, etc., as well as the translated version of the guide and old guides. The quality and reporting norms of colorectal cancer screening guidelines were compared and evaluated using the European Guideline Research and Assessment Tool (AGREE Ⅱ) and the Practice Guideline Reporting Standard (RIGHT).@*Results@#A total of 15 guides were included. The results of the AGREE Ⅱ quality evaluation showed that the overall quality of 15 guides was high. Among them, there were 9 guides with an overall score of 50 or more, 10 with a recommendation level of "A", and 2 with a rating of "B". There were 3 guides for "C"; each guide scores higher in scope and purpose, and clarity, and scores vary greatly in the areas of participants, rigor, applicability, and independence. The results of the RIGHT evaluation showed that 15 guides were insufficient in six areas except for background information, evidence, recommendations, reviews and quality assurance, funding and conflict of interest statements and management, and other aspects.@*Conclusion@#The overall quality of included guidelines for colorectal cancer screening is high, but the normative nature needs to be strengthened.
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Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancer. Studies have been conducted to evaluate the association between anthropometric indicators and gastric cancer, but the results were inconsistent. Therefore, a literature retrieval was conducted by using PubMed and Wanfang databases to summarize the latest research progress in the cohort study of the association between anthropometric indicators and the risk for gastric cancer. It was found that both general obesity and abdominal obesity might increase the risk for gastric cancer, while the association between underweight and gastric cancer needs further study. This paper summarizes the progress in the cohort study of association between anthropometric indicators for the risk for gastric cancer in order to provide evidence for the prevention and control of gastric cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the association between BMI and gastric cancer risk in Chinese males.@*Methods@#Data on body weight, body height and incidence of gastric cancer were collected on a biennial basis in males in Kailuan Cohort during 2006-2015. In addition, electronic databases of hospitals affiliated to Kailuan Group, insurance system of Kailuan Group and medical insurance system of Tangshan were used for supplementary information. Males with normal body weight (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m2) were used as controls. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the association between baseline BMI and the risk of gastric cancer in males through the calculations of hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval.@*Results@#A total of 109 600 males were included and 272 new gastric cancer cases were identified in Kailuan male cohort study, with a follow-up of 860 399.79 person-years during 2006-2015. The median follow-up period was 8.8 years. When compared with normal weight, the hazard ratios (HR) of underweight (BMI≤18.5 kg/m2) for gastric cancer risk were 2.11 (95%CI: 1.23-3.62) after adjusting for potential confounding factors (age, education level, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, dust exposure, salty food intake, tea drinking status). However, overweight or obesity showed no significant association with gastric cancer risk. The stratified analyses based on age, education level, status on smoking, alcohol drinking, tea drinking and dust exposure indicated that underweight showed significant association with gastric cancer risk in those with older age, those with high education level, non-smokers, non-alcohol drinkers, non-tea drinkers and those with dust exposure.@*Conclusion@#Underweight might increase the risk of gastric cancer in males in China, and this positive association might be associated with age, education level, status on smoking, alcohol-drinking, tea-drink, and dust exposure.
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Objective To investigate the association between alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk in Chinese males.Methods Information on alcohol consumption and outcomes were collected on a biennial basis among males in Kailuan Cohort (2006-2015).In addition,electronic databases of hospitals affiliated to Kailuan Community,Insurance Systems of Kailuan Community and Tangshan were also used for supplementary information retrieval.Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95％ CI of baseline frequency and type of alcohol consumption associated with lung cancer risk in males.Non-drinkers were used as control group.Results A total of 101 751 males were included and 913 new lung cancer cases were identified in the Kailuan male cohort study,with a total follow-up time of 808 146.56 person-years and a median follow-up time of 8.88 years by 31 December 2015.After adjusting for potential confounding factors,the HR of former drinkers,occasional drinkers (＜ 1/day) and drinkers (≥ 1/day) were 1.30 (95％CI:0.90-1.88),0.80 (95％CI:0.64-1.01) and 1.04 (95％CI:0.85-1.27),respectively,compared with non-drinkers.In addition,drinking beer/red wine (HR=0.91,95％CI:0.69-1.20) and white wine (HR=0.99,95％ CI:0.83-1.19) showed no significant association with lung cancer.The results were similar when stratified analysis were conducted.Conclusion Our study results don't support the hypothesis that alcohol consumption is significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in males.
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Objective To assess the association and intensity of baseline TC level with the incidence of lung cancer in men in China.Methods Since May 2006,all the male workers,including the employees and the retirees in Kailuan Group were recruited in the Kailuan male dynamic cohort study.Information about demographics,medical history,anthropometry and TC level were collected at the baseline interview,as well as the information of newly-diagnosed lung cancer cases during the follow-up period.According to guidelines for blood lipids in Chinese adults and the distribution in the population,TC level was classified into five groups as followed:＜ 160,160-,180-,200-and ≥240 mg/dl,with the second quintile group (160-mg/dl) serving as the referent category.Cox proportional hazards regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were used to evaluate the association and the nonlinear association between baseline TC level and the risk of lung cancer in the men.Results By December 31,2014,for the 109 884 men,a follow up of 763 819.25 person-years was made with a median follow-up period of 7.88 years.During the follow up,808 lung cancer cases were identified.After adjustment for age,education level,income level,smoking status,alcohol consumption level,history of dust exposure,FPG level and BMI,HR (95％CD of lung cancer for men with lower TC level (＜160 mg/dl) and higher TC level (≥240 mg/dl) were 1.34 (1.04-1.72) and 1.45 (1.09-1.92),respectively,compared with men with normal TC level (160-mg/dl).The results didn't change significantly after exclusion of newly diagnosed cancer cases within 2 years of follow up and subjects with the history of hyperlipidemia.Conclusion Our results showed that TC might be associated with higher risk of lung cancer.Men with lower TC level or higher TC level had higher risk for lung cancer.Keep moderate TC level might be one of the effective precaution for the prevention of lung cancer.
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Objective To investigate the association between alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk in Chinese males.Methods Information on alcohol consumption and outcomes were collected on a biennial basis among males in Kailuan Cohort (2006-2015).In addition,electronic databases of hospitals affiliated to Kailuan Community,Insurance Systems of Kailuan Community and Tangshan were also used for supplementary information retrieval.Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95％ CI of baseline frequency and type of alcohol consumption associated with lung cancer risk in males.Non-drinkers were used as control group.Results A total of 101 751 males were included and 913 new lung cancer cases were identified in the Kailuan male cohort study,with a total follow-up time of 808 146.56 person-years and a median follow-up time of 8.88 years by 31 December 2015.After adjusting for potential confounding factors,the HR of former drinkers,occasional drinkers (＜ 1/day) and drinkers (≥ 1/day) were 1.30 (95％CI:0.90-1.88),0.80 (95％CI:0.64-1.01) and 1.04 (95％CI:0.85-1.27),respectively,compared with non-drinkers.In addition,drinking beer/red wine (HR=0.91,95％CI:0.69-1.20) and white wine (HR=0.99,95％ CI:0.83-1.19) showed no significant association with lung cancer.The results were similar when stratified analysis were conducted.Conclusion Our study results don't support the hypothesis that alcohol consumption is significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in males.
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Objective To assess the association and intensity of baseline TC level with the incidence of lung cancer in men in China.Methods Since May 2006,all the male workers,including the employees and the retirees in Kailuan Group were recruited in the Kailuan male dynamic cohort study.Information about demographics,medical history,anthropometry and TC level were collected at the baseline interview,as well as the information of newly-diagnosed lung cancer cases during the follow-up period.According to guidelines for blood lipids in Chinese adults and the distribution in the population,TC level was classified into five groups as followed:＜ 160,160-,180-,200-and ≥240 mg/dl,with the second quintile group (160-mg/dl) serving as the referent category.Cox proportional hazards regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were used to evaluate the association and the nonlinear association between baseline TC level and the risk of lung cancer in the men.Results By December 31,2014,for the 109 884 men,a follow up of 763 819.25 person-years was made with a median follow-up period of 7.88 years.During the follow up,808 lung cancer cases were identified.After adjustment for age,education level,income level,smoking status,alcohol consumption level,history of dust exposure,FPG level and BMI,HR (95％CD of lung cancer for men with lower TC level (＜160 mg/dl) and higher TC level (≥240 mg/dl) were 1.34 (1.04-1.72) and 1.45 (1.09-1.92),respectively,compared with men with normal TC level (160-mg/dl).The results didn't change significantly after exclusion of newly diagnosed cancer cases within 2 years of follow up and subjects with the history of hyperlipidemia.Conclusion Our results showed that TC might be associated with higher risk of lung cancer.Men with lower TC level or higher TC level had higher risk for lung cancer.Keep moderate TC level might be one of the effective precaution for the prevention of lung cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the association between anthropometry and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese males.@*Methods@#Anthropometry and incident colorectal cancer cases were collected on a biennial basis starting in May 2006 among males in Kailuan Cohort (2006-2014). In addition, electronic database of hospitals affiliated to Kailuan Community, Insurance System of Kailuan Community and Tangshan were also searched for supplementary information. Cox proportional hazards regression models and linear models were used to evaluate the association between baseline anthropometry and the risk of colorectal cancer in males.@*Results@#A total of 106 786 males were included and 318 new colorectal cancer cases were identified in the Kailuan male cohort study, with 747 337.60 person-years follow-up by 31 December 2014. The median follow-up time was 7.90 years. Highest quartile waist circumference (≥94.0 cm) or WHtR (≥0.55) had 1.45 (95%CI: 1.05-2.02) and 1.66 (95%CI: 1.15-2.41) higher risk of colorectal cancer when compared with lowest waist circumference (<82.0 cm) or WHtR (<0.48) after adjusting for age, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, sitting time and dust exposure. Subgroup analyses by site indicated that males with BMI ≥26.27 kg/m2, waist circumference ≥94.0 cm or WHtR ≥0.55 had HRs (95%CI) of 2.18(1.27-3.73), 2.20 (1.27-3.78) and 2.42 (1.29-4.56) for colon cancer risk, respectively. Linear models showed the HR of colon cancer and 95%CI would be 1.59 (1.24-2.02) with every 0.1 growth in WHtR.@*Conclusion@#Obesity may be responsible for an increased risk of colorectal cancer in male. Reasonable weight control may be one of the effective measures to prevent colorectal cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the association between tea consumption and lung cancer risk in Chinese males.@*Methods@#Tea consumption and incident lung cancer cases were collected on a biennial basis among males in Kailuan Cohort during 2006-2015. Up to 31st December 2015, a total of 103 010 male candidates from the Chinese Kailuan Male Cohort Study were enrolled in the present study. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the association between tea consumption and risk of lung cancer in males.@*Results@#The age of male candidates was (51.3±13.4)years old. There were 828 810.74 person-years of follow-up and 8.91 years of median follow-up period. During the follow-up, 964 lung cancer cases were identified. In male, the rate of never cosumers, tea drinkers (<4/week) and tea drinkers (≥4/week) were 58.17%(n=59 926), 24.04%(n=24 765) and 17.78%(n=18 319), respectively. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, HR (95%CI) of lung cancer for subjects with tea drinkers (<4/week) and tea drinkers (≥4/week) were 0.80 (0.63-1.02) and 1.02 (0.80-1.30), respectively, as compared with never cosumers. The results showed no significant association with lung cancer. Stratification analysis and sensitivity analysis showed no significant changes.@*Conclusion@#Our study has not found that tea consumption is significantly associated with the risk of male lung cancer.
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Objective@#To evaluate the compliance rate of screening colonoscopy and associated factors in high-risk populations of colorectal cancer (CRC) in urban China.@*Methods@#CRC screening data from the Program of Cancer Screening in Urban China conducted in 12 provinces in 2012-2014 was used in the present study. All 97 445 participants were asked to take epidemiological questionnaire survey to evaluate their cancer risk. Participants who were evaluated as "high risk for CRC" were recommended to receive colonoscopy at designated hospitals. Chi-square tests were used to compare the differences of participation rates between groups. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to explore the potential factors associated withthe compliance rate of screening colonoscopy.@*Results@#Overall, 97 445 participants of CRC high-risk were included in this analysis, and 14 949 of them took screening colonoscopy, yielding a participation rate of 15.3%. The participation rate varied greatly across provinces, ranging from 25.2% (2 785/11 071) in Heilongjiang to 9.7% (1 698/17 515) in Liaoning. Moreover, the participation rate in 2013-2014 was significantly higher than that in 2012-2013 (17.1%(9 766/57 280) vs 12.9% (5 183/40 165), χ2=57.67, P<0.001) . The multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that: compared with individuals of 40-49 years old, individuals of 50-59 or 60-69 years old were more willing to accept screening colonoscopy, with OR of 1.17 (95% CI: 1.12-1.22) and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.08-1.19), respectively; compared with uneducated individuals, individuals with good educational background of equivalent to high school or higher (OR=1.29, 95% CI:1.10-1.50) were more willing to accept screening colonoscopy; compared with individuals who never took fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) before, individuals with previous positive FOBT results (OR=1.40, 95% CI:1.31-1.50) were more willing to accept screening colonoscopy; compared with individuals with no inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), individuals with IBD (OR=1.63, 95%CI:1.56-1.69) were more willing to accept screening colonoscopy; Compared with individuals without polyp history, individuals having history of previous polyp detection (OR=1.43, 95% CI:1.37-1.50) were more willing to accept screening colonoscopy; compared to individuals with no family history of CRC, individuals with history of CRC (OR=1.60, 95% CI:1.53-1.66) were more willing to accept screening colonoscopy.@*Conclusion@#The overall participation rate of screening colonoscopy among high-risk population of CRC in the 12 participating sites was 15.3%. The study findings indicated that age, education level, history of past fecal occult blood test, IBD, history of polyp, family history of CRC were associated with the compliance rate of colonoscopy in this population-based CRC screening program.
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Three kinds of PEGylated gold nanoparticles (PEG-Au NPs) with different surface charges are prepared by assembly of thiolated polyethylene glycol (HS-PEG) with different terminal groups including methoxy, amino or carboxyl on gold nanoparticle surface through sulfur-gold covalent bond, respectively.The experimental results of cell co-culturing and tail intravenous injection in mouse indicate that the biological behaviors of PEG-Au NPs are affected significantly by their surface charges.The cellular internalization amounts of PEG-Au NPs are following the order, positive charge ＞ neutral charge ＞ negative charge.The PEG-Au NPs are gradually transferred to liver and spleen from main organs through the circulation of blood after tail intravenous injection in mouse.The negatively charged PEG-Au NPs have the slowest hepatic clearance rate while the positively charged PEG-Au NPs can cause the strongest response of immune system in mice.
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Intraocular pressure detection has a great significance for understanding the status of eye health, prevention and treatment of diseases such as glaucoma. Traditional intraocular pressure detection needs to be held in the hospital. It is not only time-consuming to doctors and patients, but also difficult to achieve 24 hour-continuous detection. Microminiaturization of the intraocular pressure sensor and wearing it as a contact lens, which is convenient, comfortable and noninvasive, can solve this problem because the soft contact lens with an embedded micro fabricated strain gauge allows the measurement of changes in corneal curvature to correlate to variations of intraocular pressure. We fabricated a strain gauge using micro-electron mechanical systems, and integrated with the contact lens made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using injection molding. The experimental results showed that the sensitivity was 100. 7 µV/µm. When attached to the corneal surface, the average sensitivity of sensor response of intraocular pressure can be 125.8 µV/mm Hg under the ideal condition.
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Humans , Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic , Dimethylpolysiloxanes , Glaucoma , Intraocular Pressure , Tonometry, OcularABSTRACT
The multumodal molecular umagung technology untegrates the advantages of varuant umagung methods whuch can provude a more comprehensuve and accurate unformatuon un cancer duagnosus, and realuze tumely personaluzed duagnosus of tumor at molecular and cellular level, quantutatuvely dynamuc monutorung of tumor, etc. Thus revuew untroduces the basuc concepts of multumodal molecular umagung, umplementatuon methods and recent research progress of the applucatuons un tumor duagnosus. The development trend of multumodal molecular umagung un tumor duagnosus us also prospected.
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Background and purpose:Lung cancer is the one with the highest incidence tumors, is mainly appeared to be non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). The main treatment method is chemotherapy. However, it is controversial whether using chemotherapy in the patients of advanced NSCLC. The present study aimed to observe the efifcacy and toxicity of pemetrexed contrast to the best supportive care in the NSCLC patients of ECOG=2 and older than 70.Methods:A total number of 84 patients of ECOG=2 and older than 70 with advanced NSCLC were randomly assigned into two groups. The study group accepted pemetrexed, 500 mg/m2,every 3 weeks as a cycle, and the control group was given 200 g glucose supply and protein according to patients’ weight every day. Evaluation of the study group was performed at end of 2 cycles and the control group was evaluated after 2 months.Results:There was no CR patient in 2 groups. In the study group there were 6 patients of PR (14.3%), 21 patients of SD (50%) and 13 patients of PD (30.9%), the effective rate was 14.3%, and the disease control rate was 64.3%. There were 1 patient of PR (2.4%), 15 patients of SD (35.7%), 25 patients of PD (60.9%), 1 patient of death, the effective rate was 2.4% and the disease control rate was 39.0% in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The study group has better treatment effect and adverse reaction in patients of ECOG=2 and older than 70 with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and the toxicity could be tolerated.
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Objective To investigate the effect of the dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the human low-differentiated lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and to explore its mechanism. Methods The A549 cells at logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group and DHA group. The cells in the control group were incubated with conventional reagent, and the cells in DHA group were incubated with 500 nmol/L of DHA. After incubation for 72 hours, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to examine the proliferation of A549 cells in the two groups. Gene expression of p85, Akt, Bax and Bcl-2 was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . The protein expression of p85, Akt, p-p85, p-Akt, Bax and Bcl-2 was detected by Western blotting method. The activity of Caspase3 was measured by Caspase3 colorimetric assay kit. Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation rate of A549 cells in DHA group was significantly decreased ( P0.05), but p-p85, p-Akt and Bcl-2 protein expression levels were significantly decreased ( P<0.01) , and Bax protein expression was increased ( P<0.01). Moreover, the activity of Caspase3 was also enhanced ( P<0.001). Conclusion DHA can reduce the proliferation of A549 cells and increase the apoptosis of A549 cells, and its mechanism probably has relationship with the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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To analyze the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types in elderly patients with insomnia.